China’s transport and logistics sector has seen remarkable development this year, with rail freight volume recording steady and sustainable growth in the first 11 months of 2025. These positive results are the culmination of government efforts to reduce logistics costs and enhance the efficiency of supply chains, providing strong support for the stable operation of China’s national economy amid global challenges.
Local performance figures and indicators
According to official data released by China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. last Friday, the national railway network successfully transported a total of 3.7 billion tons of goods during the period, representing a 2.7% increase compared to the same period last year. This growth was not limited to overall volume; operational efficiency also improved, with the average daily number of loaded freight cars reaching 187,000, a year-on-year increase of 3.7%.
In terms of the details of transported goods, the vital role of railways in securing strategic materials was highlighted. During the period between January and November, the volume of shipments of essential industrial minerals increased by 8.5%, while grain shipments increased by 10% year-on-year, reflecting the priority China places on food security and the continuation of industrial production.
Promoting international trade and the Belt and Road Initiative
Internationally, railways have played a pivotal role in connecting China to global markets, particularly within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. The international freight sector performed exceptionally well last November, with 1,852 freight train journeys operating between China and Europe, a significant 21% increase compared to the same period last year, marking an all-time high for the month. These trains serve as a vital artery for Eurasian trade, providing a fast and reliable overland alternative to sea freight.
In the same vein, the China-Laos railway continued to achieve significant successes, transporting over 4.98 million tons of cross-border goods, a 15% year-on-year increase. This line not only serves bilateral trade but also promotes economic integration between China and Southeast Asian countries (ASEAN).
Economic and strategic importance
These figures take on particular significance when viewed from a macroeconomic perspective. Increased reliance on rail directly contributes to reducing the carbon footprint of the transportation sector compared to road and air freight, and helps companies lower operating costs. Furthermore, the stability of this network solidifies China's position as a global manufacturing and trading hub, ensuring the smooth flow of goods even during periods of disruption to traditional maritime shipping routes.
