The secret behind the coolness of the marble in the Mataf area of the Grand Mosque in Mecca during the day
Millions of pilgrims and Umrah performers are amazed and impressed annually by a unique phenomenon within the Grand Mosque : the Mataf (circumambulation area) remarkably cool floors, even during the midday heat when the sun's rays are perpendicular and temperatures exceed 45 degrees Celsius. This enigma, which puzzles many, is not magic, but rather the result of a comprehensive engineering system and the careful selection of rare natural materials, all employed by the Kingdom to serve the guests of God.
The secret of rare Thassos marble
The key to this coolness lies in the type of marble used to pave the circumambulation area: natural Thassos marble, specially quarried from the mountains of Greece. This type of marble possesses exceptional physical properties, most notably its brilliant, crystalline white color and its remarkable ability to reflect light and heat rather than absorb them. Unlike commercial granites and marbles that store and emit heat, Thassos marble acts as a mirror reflecting solar radiation, keeping its surface cool and pleasant to walk on barefoot.
Engineering techniques to enhance insulation
It's not just the type of stone that matters, but also the sophisticated engineering of the installation method. Marble slabs up to 5 centimeters thick are used, enhancing thermal insulation. The design also incorporates moisture and heat insulation materials beneath the marble, leaving precise gaps to allow for gentle airflow, which helps dissipate any heat that might escape and ensures the floor remains at a moderate temperature throughout the day.
Exceptional care for the comfort of the pilgrims
This meticulous attention to engineering details is part of the comprehensive care that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia provides to the Two Holy Mosques. Since the historic Saudi expansions, the goal has always been to utilize the best global resources to ensure the comfort of pilgrims performing Tawaf and praying. The cool flooring of the Mataf (circumambulation area) is a crucial factor in maintaining the health of pilgrims and protecting them from heat exhaustion or burns to their feet, especially since Tawaf requires walking long distances barefoot.
Health and environmental impact
This natural technology contributes to creating a microclimate within the circumambulation area (Mataf), reducing the need for excessive external air cooling and providing a safe and healthy environment for the elderly and children. This integration of the earth's geology and architecture represents a unique model in modern Islamic architecture, where luxury meets functionality to serve millions of Muslims coming from all corners of the earth.
