In a strategic move to bolster Saudi Arabia's position as a global logistics hub and a leader in future transportation, the General Authority of Civil Aviation (GACA) has launched a new and innovative regulatory framework through its online platform, "Istilaa." This framework, which falls under Part 100 of the Civil Aviation Regulations, aims to regulate the Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) aircraft sector, commonly known as "air taxis," establishing precise frameworks for pilot licensing and instructor qualification according to the latest international standards.
Context of the shift towards advanced air transport
This step aligns with the objectives of Saudi Vision 2030 and the National Aviation Strategy, which aim to adopt smart and sustainable transportation models. Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) is a key pillar of the future of urban transport, with countries and major companies racing to develop electric flying vehicles that contribute to alleviating traffic congestion, reducing carbon emissions, and providing rapid solutions for medical emergencies and logistics. The Kingdom is working to create a legislative environment that will position it among the first countries to launch commercial air taxi services, particularly for major projects such as NEOM and AlUla, and during Hajj and Umrah seasons.
Bridging the regulatory gap with flexible standards
The authority explained that the new regulation was specifically designed to bridge the regulatory gap in traditional laws, which were based on standards for fixed-wing aircraft and conventional helicopters. Given the unique technical characteristics of VTOL aircraft, the authority adopted a risk management and performance evaluation approach, allowing for greater flexibility without compromising stringent air safety standards.
25 nautical miles... a new standard for intercontinental aviation
One of the most significant amendments included in the regulations is the redefinition of "cross-country" flight requirements. The authority has approved counting flights exceeding 25 nautical miles towards the required experience hours, instead of the long distances imposed on conventional aircraft. This amendment takes into account the operational nature of air taxis, which often operate within urban areas or between nearby cities, provided they use approved visual or electronic navigation systems.
Trainer training and reliance on simulators
To facilitate the introduction of new technologies, the regulations allow flight instructors and test pilots affiliated with manufacturers to conduct training programs without requiring traditional training licenses, provided they operate under the supervision of the authority and in accordance with the manufacturer's approved curricula. The regulations also enhance the role of advanced simulators in acquiring flight experience, thereby contributing to reduced training costs and improved pilot proficiency in handling complex emergency scenarios.
Expected economic and operational impact
This regulatory framework is expected to attract foreign investment from major VTOL aircraft manufacturers to the Saudi market, providing a level of legislative clarity lacking in many other markets. These regulations will also support Part 135 operations related to commercial on-demand air transport, paving the way for the launch of safe and reliable passenger services and enhancing the quality of life and efficiency of the Kingdom's transport sector.
